Area of Pain –

Anterior Head & Face Pain

 

Possible Sources –

    Sternocleidomastoid (neck)

    Masseter (cheek)

    Frontalis

    Sub-occipitals

 

Possible Causes –

    Trauma

    Whiplash

    Working with head turned to one side

    Chewing gum

    Poor posture

    Tension

 

Area of Pain –

Anterior  Shoulder Pain

 

Possible Sources –

  Infraspinatus (shoulder

   blade)

    Pectoralis minor (chest)

    Scalenes (neck)

 

 

 

Possible Causes –

 

    Work that requires keeping the

    arms overhead

    Sports with repeated reaching back

    e.g. volleyball spiking

    Poor posture

    Chronic coughing

    Repetitive forceful downward movements

    of arms

 

Area of Pain – Anterior Arm, Elbow & Wrist Pain

 

Possible Sources –

  Biceps brachii (upper arm)

   Pectoralis minor (chest)

   Scalenes (neck)

   Triceps brachii (upper arm)

   Wrist flexors (inner forearm)

   Wrist extensors (outer forearm)

 

Possible Causes –

    Sustained elbow flex-ion and lifting

    heavy weights

    Playing a violin

    Carrying a heavy rucksack

    Breathing with chest rather than diaphragm

    Repetitive pushing or holding down for

    unrelieved period

    Excessive gripping, twisting and pulling

    with hands

    Repetitive actions e.g. computer work

Area of Pain – Anterior Lower Leg Pain, Ankle & Foot Pain

 

Possible Sources –

    Tibialis anterior (shin)

    Gastrocnemius (calf)

    Interosseous muscles (on top

    and under feet)

 

Possible Causes –

    Long distance driving without

    cruise control

    Flutter kick when swimming

    Restricted circulation from

    chair pressure on thighs

    Tight footwear across the toes

    Too much running

 

 

Area of Pain – Anterior Thigh & Knee Pain

 

Possible Sources –

    Psoas (pelvis)

    Rectus femoris (front of thigh)

    Adductor magnus (inner thigh)

 

Possible Causes –

   Lengthy periods sitting (especially with

    the knees up)

    Overdoing repeated hip flexion e.g.

    cycling, running, sit-ups

    Walking in high heels or

    wedge–shaped  shoes

    Sudden overload with legs apart e.g. slip

    while ice-skating

    Horse-riding

Area of Pain – Anterior & Posterior Arm, Elbow & Wrist Pain

 

Possible Sources –

Biceps brachii (upper arm)

Pectoralis minor (chest)

Scalenes (neck)

Triceps brachii (upper arm)

Wrist flexors (inner forearm)

Wrist extensors (outer forearm)

 

Possible Causes –

Sustained elbow flex-ion and lifting heavy weights

Playing a violin

Carrying a heavy rucksack

Breathing with chest rather than diaphragm

Repetitive pushing or holding down for

unrelieved period

Excessive gripping, twisting and pulling with hands

Repetitive actions e.g. computer work

 

Area of Pain – Hip & Pelvis Pain

 

Possible Sources –

   Piriformis (buttock)

    Tensor fasciae latae (side of hip)

    Pectineus (upper inside thigh)

 

Possible Causes –

    Running on uneven ground

    Worn–out shoes

    Being overweight or carrying heavy loads

    Quick changes in direction e.g. ball sports

    Sitting down for lengthy periods

    Unexpected slips and falls

    Sitting cross-legged